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  • Agreeing frozen fish dates sparks hot debate

    The new EU Regulation 1169/2011 on the provision of food information to consumers (FIC) shall apply from December 13, 2014. Under the new rules, the first date on which a fish was frozen must be labelled on pack.

    • Publication date : 2014/10/21
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  • UK: Guidance on the application of date labels to food

    Guidance produced by Defra will help businesses to decide whether to label their food products with either a ‘best before’ or a ‘use by’ date.

    • Publication date : 2011/12/29
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • Hydrogen update

    Torild Skogsholm, Norway's Minister of Transport and Communication, has announced that Norway intends to create a hydrogen highway. The NOK 30 million (roughly 3.8 million €) Hydro-led HyNor project will make it possible to drive from Oslo to...

    • Publication date : 2005/07/19
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  • Briefs: AHRI update

    Keith Coursin, president of Desert Aire Corp. headquartered in Germantown Wisconsin, USA, was elected chairman of the Board of Directors of the Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) late 2008.

    • Publication date : 2009/02/24
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  • H2 update: Linde

    Linde recently opened the world's first hydrogen filling station for fuel cell passenger ships in Hamburg. The Zemship filling station provides fill-ups of hydrogen gas for this "zero emissions ship". The first passenger ship for 100 people to be...

    • Publication date : 2009/02/25
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  • H2 update: Air Liquide

    The European Commission is providing€ 67.6 million in funding for Air Liquide's Horizon Hydrogen Energy (H2E) Innovation Program. The 7-year overall programme aims at building sustainable and competitive hydrogen-energy solutions and will require...

    • Publication date : 2009/02/25
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  • Updates on the Chinese cold chain

    Currently, each year China produces over 56 million tons of meat, 8.5 million tons of frozen foods, and over 10 million tons of beverages, and 8 million tons of dairy products and 41.2 million tons of seafood.

    • Publication date : 2012/05/22
    • Subjects: Figures, economy
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  • Updated ASHRAE Ventilation standard 62 published

    ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2004, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, contains key changes from the 2001 standard. The standard specifies minimum ventilation rates and indoor air quality requirements for commercial and institutional buildings....

    • Publication date : 2005/02/03
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  • R32, a short-term candidate to replace R22 in China?

    HFC-32 attracted attention during ICR2011 in Prague: it was the subject of 12 papers. It is the main component of HFC-410A with which it shares similar thermodynamic properties, but at a lower price and with a lower GWP (675).

    • Publication date : 2011/12/27
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  • Update of the EU F-Gas regulation: the debate remains open

    On March 1, the European Parliament’s ENVI committee voted 64-8 in favour of accelerating the F-Gas regulation. 

    • Publication date : 2023/03/27
    • Subjects: Regulation
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    Justice hammer with European flag

  • Germany: Update of the refrigeration and air conditioning directive

    The updated directive will extend the scope related to the subsidising of refrigeration and air conditioning systems based on “non-halogenated and low-GWP refrigerants”.

    • Publication date : 2017/08/17
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • Publication of an update on new refrigerants designations and safety classifications.

    UN Environment and ASHRAE recently published a fact sheet to provide an update on ASHRAE Standards 34, which lists the designations of refrigerants.

    • Publication date : 2017/03/17
    • Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation
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  • Update on the global regulation on refrigerants

    Global regulations on fluorinated gases are evolving, with new ratifications of the Kigali Amendment (including China), the updating of the GWP of certain refrigerants by the IPCC, and five European countries...

    • Publication date : 2021/09/07
    • Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation
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  • Update on illegal HFC trade in Europe

    An EIA investigation highlights the different smuggling routes used to illegally import HFCs into Europe and shows which refrigerants are most frequently sold in this way. 

    • Publication date : 2021/09/07
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • USA: Update on the high-GWP HFC ban

    In January, the U.S. Court of Appeals denied petitions for a rehearing of its ruling on high-GWP HFCs.

    • Publication date : 2018/03/22
    • Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation
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See all results in the refrigeration sector news items

  • Save the Date – The 7th IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain will take place in April 2022

    This international event will focus on sharing expertise on the cold chain with developing countries to address key UN sustainable development goals related to hunger, health, energy, education,...

    • Publication date : 2021/06/28
    • Subjects: Technology, Developing country, Environment
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  • ICR2015 Abstract submission deadline extended!

    ICR2015 is gearing up to be more successful than ever with over 880 abstracts already submitted!

    • Publication date : 2014/11/04
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  • Conference update: Copenhagen

    Don't miss the 8th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids (GL2008), the event in this field, to be held on September 7-10, 2008 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Key dates: abstract submissions by February 15, 2008; paper submittal: May...

    • Publication date : 2007/11/20
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  • Conference update: Copenhagen

    Don't miss the 8th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids (GL2008), the event in this field, to be held on September 7-10, 2008 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Key dates: abstract submissions by February 15, 2008; paper submittal: May...

    • Publication date : 2008/02/12
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  • Conference update: Cambridge

    The 1st IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain is to be held on March 29-31, 2010. The conference, which will attract an international audience of researchers and industrialists, will bring together those with an...

    • Publication date : 2009/12/09
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  • A date with Cold Chain Forum in Paris!

    Cold Chain Forum is waiting to meet you on October 23 & 24 2013 at la Grande Halle de la Villette, in Paris.

    • Publication date : 2013/09/18
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  • Join the IIR to stay up-to-date!

    The world of refrigeration is changing rapidly and must continue to accelerate its adaptation to the challenges of climate change: very low greenhouse effect refrigerants, greatly increased energy efficiency,...

    • Publication date : 2021/12/15
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  • Conference update: Singapore

    The 1st IIR Cold Chain Conference will take place in Singapore on April 27-29, 2009. Keep updated: brendan@airah.org.au, www.airah.org.au

    • Publication date : 2008/05/13
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  • Conference update: Singapore

    The 1st IIR Cold Chain Conference will take place in Singapore, on April 27-29, 2009. Keep updated: david@airah.org.au or

    • Publication date : 2008/10/25
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  • Conference update: Singapore

    The 1st IIR Cold Chain Conference that was scheduled to take place in Singapore on April 27-29, 2009 is postponed. It will be held at another venue: for updates, check out

    • Publication date : 2009/05/18
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  • Conference update: Cambridge

    The 1st IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain will take place on March 29-31, 2010 in Cambridge, UK. Present a paper, check out pre-registration and keep updated on themes and short courses:

    • Publication date : 2009/08/13
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  • Conference update: Sofia

    The 9th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning will be held on September 29-October 1, 2010 in Sofia, Bulgaria. Keep updated and check out deadlines:

    • Publication date : 2010/05/27
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  • Conference update: Seoul

    Interested in sorption heat pumps? Here's a rare opportunity to become updated on the state of the art: the International Sorption Heat Pump Conference (ISHPC2008), an IIR-co-sponsored event, will take place in Seoul, Korea, on September 23-26,...

    • Publication date : 2007/11/20
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  • Conference update: Casta Papiernicka

    For an update on the state of the art in the compressors field, register for the 7th International Conference on Compressors and Coolants - Compressors 2009 to be held in Casta Papiernicka, Slovak Republic, on September 30-October 2, 2009:

    • Publication date : 2009/08/13
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  • Conference update: Casta Papiernicka

    For an update on the state of the art in the compressors field, register for the 7th International Conference on Compressors and Coolants - Compressors 2009 to be held in Casta Papiernicka, Slovak Republic, on September 30-October 2, 2009. Present...

    • Publication date : 2008/10/25
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See all results in the IIR news items

  • Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

    In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

    • Last update : 2022/09/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)
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  • Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

    From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

    • Last update : 2023/06/30
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Ice creams
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  • Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

    Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

    • Last update : 2023/09/15
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : HFCs
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  • Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

    The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

    • Last update : 2023/11/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs
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  • Hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

    • Last update : 2022/06/22
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction
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  • Nanorefrigerants

    Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English, French
    • Themes : Nanofluids
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  • Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

    This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

    • Last update : 2022/01/20
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
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  • For IIR members only

    Global cold storage capacity

    This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

    • Last update : 2021/12/06
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics
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  • Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

    In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

    • Last update : 2022/09/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers
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  • Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

    Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

    • Last update : 2023/01/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Fruit, Vegetables
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  • Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO
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  • Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO
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  • Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends
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  • For IIR members only

    Heat pump stock in Europe

    This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

    • Last update : 2021/12/14
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics
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  • Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

    Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

    • Last update : 2023/03/10
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information
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See all results in the Encyclopedia of Refrigeration